1.        Query. A query is a database object created by placing filters and selecting multiple criteria (comparison operators) to extract information from one or more tables. The resulting data becomes an object that can be saved, recalled, and used to perform other operations.

A.      Advantages of a Query

1.       A query can be saved and used to perform other operations

2.       One table can be associated with multiple queries

3.       A query can perform specialized operations, such as performing calculations on field values, and placing the results in a new column or datasheet.

B.      Difference between a Query and a Filter

1.       A filter is a one-time deal. It allows application of a set of selection criteria and/or sorting instructions to the records in a table. It is a quick temporary tool that is created for one-time use in context of a particular table.

2.       A query is reusable. It allows selection criteria and/or sorting instructions to be saved and reused.

C.      Comparison Operators used in Queries

1.       Less than or equal to (<=)

2.       Greater than or equal to (>=)

3.       Not equal to (<>)

4.       Less than (<)

5.       Greater than (>)

6.       Equal to (=)

D.      Conditional Operators

1.       And- reduces the number of records because both conditions must be met.

2.       Or- increases the number of records because one or the other condition must be met.

               Form. A form is a database object that is used to create a user-friendly format for data entry     and retrieval. Forms may include drop-down menus, instructions, navigational controls, and graphics.

A.      Advantages of Forms

1.       Expedite the search and data entry processes

2.       Easy to read and understand

3.       Allow information to be censored

B.      Common Elements of Forms

1.       Graphics, such as lines, images, and shapes are stored in the form’s design.

2.       Data displayed on forms is derived from the fields in the underlying table or query or may be added by the user.

3.       Calculations are performed by properties that are set by a user within the form’s design.

4.       Controls define how data can be entered, viewed, or used in calculations.

5.       Descriptive text can be added to a form for the purpose of identifying fields and forms or adding captions or prompts.

6.       Subforms are forms within and related to a main form through a common field.

Report. A report is a database object used to organize, summarize, and print some or all of the data from one or more database tables or queries. It is used to present data in an attractive format with user selected fonts, colors, shading, borders, graphics, and other enhancements.

A.      Advantages of Reports

1.        Reports can group data from multiple tables, use the data in calculations, and add headings and other format enhancements to clarify database information.

2.       Reports can be saved and updated.

3.       Reports can be printed in landscape or portrait orientation.

B.      Report Components

1.       Report header- appears once at the beginning of a report and usually contains items such as the company name, address, and logo.

2.       Page header- appears at the top of every page and usually contains field names.

3.       Group header- lists the field names in which the data is grouped.

4.       Detail section- contains the report details or content information; required

5.       Group footer-used to display sums, counts, or averages of groups of data.

6.       Page footer-used to display page numbers and dates.